09 Brainstem
Links to this note
Sections
- top: midbrain
- right: pons
- lower: medulla
Midbrain
- MLF: medial longitudinal fascicules: lesion causes lateral gaze (internuclear ophthalmoplegia)
- red nucleus: fine tuning fine movements
Pons
- vestibular: nausea, vomiting, vertigo, nyastagmus
- V: pain and sensation in face
- PPRF, MLF, CN 6 all needed for lateral gaze
Lateral Pontine Syndrome
Medulla
- hypothalamospinal: sympathetic nerves
Lateral Medullary Syndrome
Rule of 4's
- 4 CN's in medulla, 4 in pons, 4 above pons
- big cranial nerve, stretches from pons to medulla
- CN 8: only use hearing loss to localize to pons, not vestibular signs
Cases