26 Renal Tumors

  • 1st 3 kidney cancer, RCC most common
  • last 3 bladder cancer, transitional most common

RCC

  • cigarette and obesity very important

  • few pts have classic triad, most just have hematuria

  • glycogen/lipids do not stain very well

  • N: normal
  • circle: yellow mass
  • F: fat

  • IL 2 part of inflammatory response, like giving flu to someone

  • Plush cancer crab in kidney machine: interferon alpha treats renal cell carcinoma

Wilm's

  • HTN in children very rare
  • average age 3
  • tumor in child kidney, think Wilm's
  • composed of blastema: primitive kidney tissue
  • large unilateral flank mass

  • very rare

  • neonatal hypoglycemia
  • large tongue

Angiomyolipoma

  • angio: blood vessel; myo: smooth muscle; lipoma: fat
  • cortical tuber: growth or bulge
  • very important: leaf-like patches of skin, pale skin in shape of leaf

  • Lack of migration
  • Neocortical tubers: very hard and white. Glia and neurons jumbled up
  • Nodules around ventricles
  • Brain tumors SEGA

  • top: discolored areas
  • SEGA: blocking fluid in ventricles = hydrocephalus. Tube to drain extra fluid

  • don't worry about histology.
  • Big mass in child

  • Looks like fat in middle of kidney

Transitional Cell Carcinoma

  • flat pathway: high grade flat tumor then invades. Early p53 mutation
  • papillary: low grade papillary tumor that progress to high grade and then invade. Not association with p53

  • smoker with hematuria: think bladder cancer
  • phenacetin: analgesic
  • any industrial job

  • Cancer crab belt buckle: cyclophosphamide increases risk of bladder cancer (high grade transitional cell carcinoma)

  • cast: glomerular source of bleeding

  • platinum used for transitional

Squamous Cell

Adenocarcinoma