Boards and Beyond Immunosuppressants

  • autoimmune disease, RA, transplant rejection

Cyclosporine, Tacrolimus

  • calcineurin normally activates NFAT via dephosphorylation
  • decreased IL2

  • histology: tubule vacuolization
  • Diltiazem inhibitor of P450

  • usually with phenytoin

Sirolimus

Methotrexate

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  • leucovorin rescue: done in a cycle with methotrexate

Mycophenolic Acid

  • B and T cell only

Cyclophosphamide

Azathioprine

  • salvages hypoxanthine and guanine to make new nucleotides

  • mutant nucleotide, toxic to cells

Muromonab

  • CD3 surface marker, carry signal inside

  • initially activate T cells during 1st or second dose
  • cytokines flooding from T cells

Infliximab

  • TNF binds Etanercept instead of TNF receptor

Malaria

  • raise pH of lysosomes