developmental dysplasia of hip
- related: Pediatric
DDH:
- pt: female, breech position, family hx
- cause: abnormal dev, femoral head displaced, excessively tight swaddling
- sx:
- asymmetrical inguinal folds. Fold extend beyond anal aperture
- leg length discrepancy on Galeazzi test
- dx:
- barlow, ortolani maneuvers
- US < 4 months
- Xray > 4 months
- rx:
- when diagnosed within first 6 months of life, treat with Pavlik harness for 3 months, but needs monitor with surgery
- referral to surgery after diagnosis
- prognosis:
- Most infants who are treated early have no long-term sequelae. However, residual dysplasia can still occur, so patients require close follow-up until skeletal maturity is reached. Residual dysplasia potentially warrants surgery and can lead to osteoarthritis, but this risk is low for infants treated for DDH in infancy