types of insomnia
- related: Sleep and Sleep Disordered Breathing
- tags: #literature
Insomnia
Primary insomnia includes several symptoms that interfere with sleep quality, such as:
- Sleep-onset insomnia: Difficulty initiating sleep
- Middle insomnia: Difficulty staying asleep
- Sleep-offset insomnia: Early morning awakening
CBT and measures to improve sleep hygiene are two non-pharmacological solutions to primary insomnia. Sleep hygiene measures include:
- Minimizing caffeine and smoking before bedtime
- Not sleeping in on weekends
- Minimizing excessively long naps, particularly those late at night
Pharmacotherapy includes the following medication options:
- Benzodiazepines
- Non-benzodiazepine GABA agonists (zolpidem, eszopiclone, zaleplon)
- Sedating non-GABAergic agents(trazodone, doxepin)