nephrology toxicology 1 12


AG

  • assuming albumin is 4
  • for every 1 drop in albumin, expected AG drops by 2.5, same with elevation

NAGMA

  • GI: diarrhea
  • GU: RTA
  • Urine AG to differentiate: Na + K - Cl
  • normal western diet: negative
  • DKA with dialysis: don't give as much fluid because not having polyuria with high glucose. Can give fluid because of vomiting or sepsis. Give fluid for hypovolemia