Nephrology

• related: step 1 Renal, Step 3, Medicine
• tags: #literature

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Nephro in ICU

• lactic acidosis types
• anion gap metabolic acidosis
• hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis from normal saline
• low urine output is less than 0.5 cc per kg
• peritoneal dialysis
  • increase volume removal in peritoneal dialysis
  • primary peritonitis in PD patients only need 50 neutrophils
• polymicrobial peritonitis suggests perforation
• dialysis in icu
• urine anion gap differentiates between GI vs renal causes of NAGMA
• RTA
• free water deficit calculation
• hypermagnesemia complications
• hemoconcentration can cause creatinine concentration after diuresis
• ACORN trial showed zosyn does not cause AKI

Physiology

• normal renal function
• CKD-epi calculator is better than Cr or GFR alone
• urinalysis
• IV fluids

To organize and To Learn

• Hypertension
• hypertension with primary hyperaldosteronism
• Lithium
• parathyroid disease
• ADPKD
• RTA
• hematuria
• use mannitol for HD to avoid fluid shift

electrolytes

• causes for BUN elevation
• electrolyte disorders

Acid base

• metabolic acidosis
  • anion gap metabolic acidosis
  • nonanion gap metabolic acidosis NAGMA causes
  • RTA
• heparin induced hypoaldosteronism
• metabolic alkalosis
• use delta delta gap to calculate third acid base disorder

AKI

• AKI is either oliguric or nonoliguric and either responds or doesn't to fluids
• low urine output is less than 0.5 cc per kg
• acute renal failure
• AKI note 2 24
• rhabdomyolysis induced AKI
• contrast induced nephropathy is increase of serum creatinine but does not have increased attributable risk
• prophylactic saline has not shown to reduce contrast related AKI
• medications that cause crystalline nephropathy
• common toxic alcohols
• acute abdominal compartment syndrome
• give hypotonic fluid in post ATN diuresis
• AKI in transplant patients
• indications for CRT
• dialysis in icu
• renal artery stenosis can cause recurrent flash pulmonary edema

CKD

• CKD
• metabolic acidosis in CKD
• when to start sevelamer
• ESRD
• peritoneal dialysis
• outpatient dialysis
• start SGLT2 inhibitors in CKD patients with proteinuria
• when to place fistulas for dialysis
• ultrasound findings of CKD
• MRI with gadolinium contrast in CKD patients has low risk for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
• systemic heparin is used as anticoagulation in CRRT
• CRRT solutions
• assume creatinine clearance of 30 for patients on CRRT

Renal disorders

• kidney stones
• calcium renal stones
• renal artery stenosis can cause recurrent flash pulmonary edema
• ADPKD
• use ACE I in renal artery stenosis
• sickle cell disease can cause papillary necrosis
• management of renal cysts

Glomerular disease

• MGUS in kidney
• analgesic nephropathy
• immune complex mediated glomerulonephritis

Nephrotic

• nephrotic syndrome
• diabetetic nephropathy
• minimal change glomerulopathy
• membranous glomerulopathy
• FSGS

Nephritic

• RPGN
• anti-GBM
• ANCA associated glomerulonephritis
• IgA nephropathy
• lupus nephritis
• MPGN
• infection related glomerulonephritis
• tubulointerstitial nephritis

Transplant

• prograft

Lectures

• nephrology urinalysis lecture 2 10
• nephrology transplant lecture 2 10
• nephrology glomerular disease 2 10
• nephrology tubulointerstitial 1 12
• nephrology toxicology 1 12

MKSAP

• Kidney Manifestations of Deposition Diseases

Links to this note

• Medicine

  • Nephrology

• anion gap metabolic acidosis

  • related: Nephrology, nonanion gap metabolic acidosis NAGMA causes

• step 1 Renal

  • related: Step 1, Nephrology

• electrolyte disorders

  • related: Nephrology, Endocrine

• acute abdominal compartment syndrome

  • related: Nephrology, ICU intensive care unit

• nonanion gap metabolic acidosis NAGMA causes

  • related: Nephrology, anion gap metabolic acidosis

• hyponatremia causes

  • related: Nephrology, hypernatremia causes

• kidney stones

  • related: Nephrology, calcium renal stones

• calcium renal stones

  • related: Nephrology, kidney stones

• when to start sevelamer

  • related: Nephrology, hyperphosphatemia

• low urine output is less than 0.5 cc per kg

  • related: ICU intensive care unit, Nephrology

• causes for BUN elevation

  • related: Nephrology

• use delta delta gap to calculate third acid base disorder

  • related: Nephrology

• hyperphosphatemia

  • related: Nephrology, when to start sevelamer

• interstitial cystitis

  • related: UTI, Nephrology

• ACORN trial showed zosyn does not cause AKI

  • related: Nephrology

• outpatient dialysis

  • related: Nephrology

• nephrotic syndrome

  • related: Nephrology

• CARE study

  • related: Nephrology, hyperphosphatemia, when to start sevelamer

• dialysis in icu

  • related: Nephrology, outpatient dialysis

• AKI in transplant patients

  • related: Nephrology

• AKI is either oliguric or nonoliguric and either responds or doesn't to fluids

  • related: Nephrology

• AKI note 2 24

  • related: Nephrology

• analgesic nephropathy

  • related: Nephrology

• ANCA associated glomerulonephritis

  • related: Nephrology

• CKD

  • related: Nephrology

• contrast induced nephropathy is increase of serum creatinine but does not have increased attributable risk

  • related: Nephrology

• CRRT solutions

  • related: Nephrology

• diabetetic nephropathy

  • related: Nephrology

• free water deficit calculation

  • related: Nephrology

• FSGS

  • related: Nephrology

• give hypotonic fluid in post ATN diuresis

  • related: Nephrology

• hematuria

  • related: Nephrology

• hemoconcentration can cause creatinine concentration after diuresis

  • related: Nephrology

• heparin induced hypoaldosteronism

  • related: Nephrology

• hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis from normal saline

  • related: Nephrology

• hypermagnesemia complications

  • related: Nephrology

• hypertension with primary hyperaldosteronism

  • related: Nephrology, Cardiology

• IgA nephropathy

  • related: Nephrology

• immune complex mediated glomerulonephritis

  • related: Nephrology

• increase volume removal in peritoneal dialysis

  • related: Nephrology

• infection related glomerulonephritis

  • related: Nephrology

• IV fluids

  • related: Nephrology

• Kidney Manifestations of Deposition Diseases

  • related: Nephrology

• lupus nephritis

  • related: Nephrology

• management of renal cysts

  • related: Nephrology

• medications that cause crystalline nephropathy

  • related: Nephrology

• membranous glomerulopathy

  • related: Nephrology

• metabolic acidosis

  • related: Nephrology

• metabolic acidosis in CKD

  • related: Nephrology

• metabolic alkalosis

  • related: Nephrology

• MGUS in kidney

  • related: Nephrology

• minimal change glomerulopathy

  • related: Nephrology

• MPGN

  • related: Nephrology

• MRI with gadolinium contrast in CKD patients has low risk for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis

  • related: Nephrology

• nephrology glomerular disease 2 10

  • related: Nephrology

• nephrology toxicology 1 12

  • related: Nephrology

• nephrology transplant lecture 2 10

  • related: Nephrology

• nephrology tubulointerstitial 1 12

  • related: Nephrology

• nephrology urinalysis lecture 2 10

  • related: Nephrology

• normal renal function

  • related: Nephrology

• peritoneal dialysis

  • related: Nephrology, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis SBP

• primary peritonitis in PD patients only need 50 neutrophils

  • related: Nephrology

• prograft

  • related: Nephrology

• prophylactic saline has not shown to reduce contrast related AKI

  • related: Nephrology

• renal artery stenosis can cause recurrent flash pulmonary edema

  • related: Nephrology

• rhabdomyolysis induced AKI

  • related: Nephrology

• RPGN

  • related: Nephrology

• sickle cell disease can cause papillary necrosis

  • related: Nephrology

• systemic heparin is used as anticoagulation in CRRT

  • related: Nephrology

• tubulointerstitial nephritis

  • related: Nephrology

• ultrasound findings of CKD

  • related: Nephrology

• urinalysis

  • related: Nephrology

• urine anion gap differentiates between GI vs renal causes of NAGMA

  • related: Nephrology

• use ACE I in renal artery stenosis

  • related: Nephrology

• when to place fistulas for dialysis

  • related: Nephrology

• hypernatremia causes

  • related: Nephrology, hyponatremia causes

• postoperative hyponatremia

  • related: Nephrology

• pyroglutamic acidosis aka tylenol toxicity

  • related: Nephrology

• early RRT in ICU increases risk of CLABSI

  • related: Nephrology

• calciphylaxis

  • related: Nephrology, hypocalcemia and electrolytes

• SIADH

  • related: Nephrology

• sodium and glucose

  • related: Nephrology

• start SGLT2 inhibitos in CKD patients with proteinuria

  • related: Nephrology