Pulmonology
Anatomy and Images
- airway anatomy
- lobes of the lung
- order HRCT to obtain inspiratory and expiratory CT chest
- chest imaging
Normal Lung Function and Physical Exam
- PFT and lung functions
- cardiopulmonary exercise test CPET
- pulmonary hygiene therapy
- use tactile fremitus and percussion to distinguish effusion, consolidation, and pneumothorax
- use blue balloon and not 99 to assess tactile fremitus
- 6 minute walk test 6mwt
Pathophysiology
- pathophysiology of hypoxia and hypoxemia
- 2, 3 BPG and RBC
- hepatopulmonary syndrome
- chronic cough differentials
- clevidipine can cause hypoxemia via pulmonary shunting
- epoprostenol does not cause hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction
- An Algorithmic Approach to Chronic Dyspnea
- congenital pulmonary disorders
- upper airway disorders
- pulmonary diseases that are less common among smokers than nonsmokers
- e-cigarettes and tobacco
Obstructive Lung Disease
- COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Asthma reactive airway disease
- vocal cord dysfunction can be an asthma mimic
- chronic bronchiectasis
- cystic fibrosis
- aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease
- constrictive bronchiolitis is small airway disease
Restrictive Lung Diseases
- Interstitial Lung Disease ILD
- Occupational Lung Disease
- acute and chronic eosinophilic pneumonia AEP and CEP
- use sniff test to diagnose diaphragmatic paralysis
- Use NIF to distinguish between restrictive lung disease and neuromuscular disorders
- use ultrasound to reveal impaired diaphragmatic excursion
- pulmonary hypertension
- pulmonary and extrapulmonary sarcoidosis
- medication related lung diseases
- use pirfenidone over nintedanib for less CYP interactions for pulmonary fibrosis
- ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis can be mistaken for lung problems
- lupus can have shrinking lung syndrome
Cystic Lung Diseases
Pneumonitis
- HP hypersensitivity pneumonitis
- EVALI ecigarette or vaping associated lung injury
- check point inhibitor pneumonitis
Sleep medicine
- Sleep and Sleep Disordered Breathing
- Qualifying Patients for Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation Devices on Hospital Discharge
- continuous positive airway pressure CPAP
Pleural things
- pleural effusion
- chest tube
- pleurx catheter
- mesothelioma
- reasons to obtain xray after thoracentesis
- marijuana use can induce bulla formation
Bronch things
- bronchoalveolar lavage BAL
- bronchoscopy guides
- ways to use lidocaine for bronchoscopy
- use rigid bronchoscopy for extraction of foreign objects
Pulmonary Infections
- pulmonary abscess
- pulmonary cavitary lesions do not need anaerobic coverage
- cover for anaerobes for pulmonary abscess and empyema
- Tuberculosis
- Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis ABPA
- Pneumonia
- non-TB mycobacterium
- legionella pneumonia
- candida infections
- ICS use increases pneumonia incidence in COPD patients
- respiratory bronchiolitis
- aspiration pneumonia vs aspiration pneumonitis
- pulmonary eosinophilia differential diagnosis
- respiratory biofire does not test for stenotrophomonas, morganella, citrobacter
- Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections
- non-TB mycobacterium
- pulmonary coccidioidomycosis infection
- VAP risk factors for MDR pathogens
- cryptococcus pulmonary infection
- CVID common variable immunodeficiency disorder
- treat pregnant patient with oseltamivir empirically
- pneumonia tularemia needs to be treated with aminoglycoside
- treatment of legionella pneumonia include macrolide and fluoroquinolone
- pulmonary echinococcosis can present with pneumothorax
Pulmonary Vasculitis
Parenchymal Lung Disorders
Pulmonary Immunology
- CGD
- CVID patients have increased risk for infections associated with T cell dysfunction
- eosinophilia and lung disorders
- pulmonary and extrapulmonary sarcoidosis
- rituximab can cause hypogammaglobulinemia
- associations in pulmonary diseases
- DAH can develop following stem cell transplant
Congenital Disorders
Pulmonary Nodules and Lymphadenopathy
- Lung nodules
- pulmonary nodule differential diagnosis
- pulmonary lymphadenopathy differential diagnosis
- traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts can result following trauma
- pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is accumulation of calcium phosphate crystals
Lung Cancers
Mediastinal Masses
Upper Airway
- rhinitis medicamentosa is rebound rhinitis from medication uses
- management of tracheostomy
- passy muir valve must be used with uncuffed trachs or with cuff deflated
- tracheal inflammatory diseases
- Warfarin can cause tracheobronchial tree calcification
Weird Diseases
- Mounier-Kuhn Syndrome or tracobronchomegaly
- pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis PLG is associated with EBV
- Primary graft dysfunction is form of acute noncardiogenic pulmonary edema following transplant
- chronic silicone embolism syndrome
- reperfusion pulmonary edema following thromboendarterectomy
- hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
- acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease
- swimming induced pulmonary edema SIPE
- chronic lung allograft dysfunction CLAD
- radon test at home
- high altitude pulmonary edema HAPE
- osler weber rendu is associated with pulmonary AVM
- osler weber rendu is associated with high output heart failure from hepatic AVM
- placental transmogrification of the lung
- castleman disease
- idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis IPH can cause DAH
- yellow nail syndrome
- bronchopulmonary dysplasia BPD can lead to airway obstruction
- thoracic endometriosis syndrome TES can cause catamenial pneumothorax and hemothorax
Lung transplant
- lung transplant medication and CYP interactions
- post lung transplant infections
- primary graft dysfunction following lung transplant
Literature notes
- An Algorithmic Approach to Lung Disease
- Murray and Nadel Textbook of Respiratory Medicine
- Association of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Program Directors
MKSAP
- Occupational Lung Disease
- Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease
- CHEST Board Review 2024
- CHEST fellow course 2024
Others
Links to this note
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- high altitude pulmonary edema HAPE
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- hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
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- osler weber rendu is associated with high output heart failure from hepatic AVM
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- osler weber rendu is associated with pulmonary AVM
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- passy muir valve must be used with uncuffed trachs or with cuff deflated
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- placental transmogrification of the lung
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- pleurx catheter
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- radon test at home
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- reasons to obtain xray after thoracentesis
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- reperfusion pulmonary edema following thromboendarterectomy
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- rituximab can cause hypogammaglobulinemia
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- swimming induced pulmonary edema SIPE
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- thoracic endometriosis syndrome TES can cause catamenial pneumothorax and hemothorax
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- tracheal inflammatory diseases
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- traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts can result following trauma
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- treat pregnant patient with oseltamivir empirically
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- use blue balloon and not 99 to assess tactile fremitus
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- Use NIF to distinguish between restrictive lung disease and neuromuscular disorders
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- use rigid bronchoscopy for extraction of foreign objects
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- use sniff test to diagnose diaphragmatic paralysis
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- use tactile fremitus and percussion to distinguish effusion, consolidation, and pneumothorax
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- use ultrasound to reveal impaired diaphragmatic excursion
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